NASA'S Mars 'BATMOBILE' : Electric vehicle has six wheels and is made entirely of carbon fibre and aluminium

The radical concept is unveiled by NASA on the on the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex, and would be the inspiration for future rovers for the first manned missions to the red planet.

The full sized Nasa Mars rover has been in development since the end of 2016 and it looks a lot like the Batmobile.

The angular concept vehicle has six wheels consists entirely of carbon fiber and aluminum and is solar energy.

It was designed for four astronauts and has its own detachable laboratory.

While this exact rover is not expected to be working on Mars, one or more of the elements can make its way to a rover astronauts will ride on the red planet. ' NASA says.

The builders of the scientific-themed Mars rover concept vehicle, Parker Brothers concepts of Port Canaveral, Florida, NASA's input in its design subject matter experts.

The rover works on an electric motor, powered by solar panels and a 700-volt battery.

The rover separates in the middle with the front section designed for scouting and equipped with a radio and navigation provided by the Global Positioning System.

The back section acts as a laboratory for autonomous research can be unplugged.

After several weeks on display at Kennedy's visitor complex, the Mars rover concept vehicle appear on different locations.

NASA'S BATMOBILE

• Measures 28 feet (8.5m) long, 13 feet (4m) wide, and 11 feet (3.4m) tall
• Estimated weight of 5,000 pounds (2,250kg)
• Rear area is a detachable lab, while the front area is a cockpit for scouting
• Made entirely of carbon fibre and aluminium
• Six wheels that measure 50 inches (1.3m) tall, 30 inches (75cm) wide
• Battery powered using solar panels
• Top speed of 60-70 miles per hour (95-110kph)

From July to August, it appears in different locations during a tour along the East Coast.

The Mars rover concept car then returns to the visitor complex as part of the new attraction of the
Astronaut training experience opening in the fall of this year.

According to Rebecca Shireman, assistant manager of public relations for the complex, Kennedy-visitor offers the ' summer of Mars' programme an overview of NASA'sstudies of the red planet.

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Growing Antarctic crack widens and more quickly

A crack that could create an iceberg the size of Cyprus– an ice and one of the largest ice shelf in the Antarctic has branched out and started expanding the screwed-up faster.

Then McGrath, a Geophysicist with the U.S. Geological Survey, said the fissure has been converted to a rack from the seafront, potentially speeding up the ice to break up.

Cracked ice chunk on newly, Larsen C, is a branch of the break that gained notice after dramatic growth in 2014.

The original crack was great with speed meter per day — that the speed has increased since the new fissure formed.

McGrath extended shelf has learned, said the combination of new cracks and more quickly may indicate impending separation from the mount, even immediately this summer.

After this happens, an iceberg approximately 180 kilometres long will be releasing one of the largest ever recorded.

Losing so many ice shelves will shrink by about 10% and scientists have warned that the loss of large amounts of ice "great risk" of the Board as a whole who became unstable and also, broke up.

Now there are only about 20 km from ice binding the ice chunk Larsen C to Antarctica.

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Hidden wolf spider captured in Queensland man's photo

Adam Newport, 38, captures images outside his home in Queensland, said many people refused initially to believe her when she tells them about photography/showervenomous predators in the display.

Watch animal-bite that can cause rotting human flesh – can be seen hiding in the grass

The Predator is a huge Wolf spider.

'I caught this wolf spider inside my house in the bathroom and took it across the road to release it onto the grass,' Mr Newport said.

"It must be 10cm in diameter, but when I put it down I was surprised to see how well and quickly it blended in

"It's like an optical illusion. I had so many people say there is nothing there.

The venom of a wolf spider can cause extreme pain but is not usually life-threatening.

In some cases however, it can cause human flesh to rot away.

"I saw two wolf spiders in my house in seven or eight years - they can be dangerousif they give you bite," said Mr. Newport.

"How well it certainly makes it more dangerous camouflage - if you hold on it with bare feet which really bite you."

Venomous Spiders can be found in the center of the photo of Mr. Newport, hidden by grass mats.

This innocuous photograph of a suburban garden lawn contains a hidden danger - but could you identify  it?

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The great mystery of Antarctica's "Blood Falls" has been finally explained by science

Since it was first discovered in 1911, the mystery of the Antarctic continent "blood Falls" remains unique. Now, a new study from the Journal of Manabu reveals how water up to red tones--and not the blood.

Researchers in the past shows that undertone of red water derived from algae, but it makes it seem as if the blood that leaked from a glacier, and the blood fell, which actually comes from the saltwater, including a large number of iron, National Geographic noted.

Research conducted by the University of Alaska in Fairbanks and the University of Colorado scientists found that blood waterfall glacier sits on top of the Lake and the water system, "flows over one million years. Researchers solve the mystery of the 20th century-long, with radar to accurately scan the ice producing "bloody" free flowing water, as well as localization to determine where the water flows.

University of Alaska Fairbanks glaciologist Erin Pettit told Phys.org the discovery means the Blood Falls "is now the coldest known glacier to have persistently flowing water" on the planet.

The illusion that the blood flows from the glacier created a unique Organization all the more unique, but why not freeze? The survey revealed that frozen water has a "permanent hydraulic system" under the glacier, that releases heat energy, in turn melts the ice surrounding it, as the Business Insider reported.

According to National Geographic, the system freezing and thawing is further perpetuated by the consistency of very salty, meaning that water freezes at a lower temperature than pure water.

The impact of this long-awaited the consequences could go beyond the reality of the world, noted people in the business. The ancient system of microbe free glacier flows easier to research than in frozen ice cap and potentially will give scientists an easier way to research the life of another planet.

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M.O.A.B. 'Mother of all Bombs' it is world's largest non-nuclear weapon

Be created as a psychological weapon. Panic is designed to make the enemy to surrender.

But today, receive a reduction of f-43/b-referred to as the "mother of all bombs"-Ina Islamic State in Afghanistan

It is believed that the remaining chimneys of the explosion will be wider than 300 meters after the explosion six feet above the ground.

The first time time Moab (Massive Ordnance Air Blast). In the first fight, but it was a big explosion, and how it works?



Blast off 30 feet long Temple (9 m) wide and 40 inches (1 m) and weighs 21,000 pounds (9, 500 kg) heavier than the nuclear bomb-Hiroshima.

Moab or f-43/b is larger non-nuclear weapons in the world.

It is designed to destroy heavily reinforced targets or troop and armor around the decomposition of large areas.

The bomb is equivalent to 11 tons of TNT, for comparison. Nuclear weapons in Hiroshima, down with 15 tons of TNT bombs.

The test for the first time in 2003, was developed by u.s. forces, in preparation for the invasion of Iraq. But it was deployed during the battle.

Blast off 30 feet long Temple (9 m) wide and 40 inches (1 m) and weighs 21,000 pounds (9, 500 kg) heavier than the nuclear bomb-Hiroshima.

While the explosion RADIUS stretched out in every direction, turn the effects of nuclear radiation for non-sustainable.

A large bomb is not easy, even in the world's biggest airplane explosion can't handle the weight and size of Moab.

You can use the bombs from the back of a cargo plane that uses a unique system only.

Parachute bombs from a plane in the box that are separate from the pump quickly.

Then expand the fin of the body to help control the descent.

This accelerates quickly to terminal velocity, and some are taken via satellite.

Bombs, six feet (1.8 meters) above the ground, using the ' airburst ' decentralized mechanism for the destruction of the horizontal instead of vertical.

Today, the big f-bomb, air weapons, 43/b hit ' tunnel complex in the province of Nangarhar's Achin break Afghanistan said in a statement.

There is only the MC-130 plane load of stars out to weapon local time of 7:00 to.

I had a large bomb Bay doors are original or are released from the wings of airplanes, so we can kick out the door after the U.S., Fox News said.

Explosive manufacturing huge power weapons you can feel out due to construction.

Aluminum engineers used for some disorders have a burden of Moab. To avoid interrupting the steel thickness impact target frame.

Moab developed psychological weapon to aterrorizará enemy troops to surrender for the first time.

"The goal is to have a pressure better than Saddam Hussein, then Secretary of Defense Donald sawam Interline said.

"Short-not cooperate-the goal is to have the capacity of the Government, which clearly and obviously there is an enormous disincentive for the military of Iraq, while fighting with the Government".

KEY FACTS

- Nicknamed the ‘Mother of all Bombs’

- The world’s largest non-nuclear weapon

- Each bomb costs around $16 million (£12.8 million)

- It took $314 million (£251 million) to develop

- It carries 8,164 kilograms of explosives

- Its explosion is equivalent to 11 tons of TNT and the blast radius is a mile wide

- By contrast, the nuclear weapon dropped on Hiroshima had a blast yield of 15 tons of TNT

- First tested by US forces in 2003

- It is designed to destroy heavily reinforced targets or to shatter ground forces and armour across a large area

- 30 feet (9 metres) long and 40 inches (1 metre) wide

- Weighs 21,000lbs (9,500kg) – heavier than the Hiroshima nuclear bomb

- Leaves no lasting radiation effect

HOW IT IS DEPLOYED

• Bomb fins 'table' that fold into the body during the transportation.
• Can be deployed at the back of the large cargo planes because of the size of the.
• Ride on pallet-bomb-parachute bombs from aircraft and pull.
• The target of the bombs fall palette.
• Bomb fins extended table to help control the explosion of origin.
• Accelerated quickly to speed Terminal, and some are taken by satellite.
• It explodes six feet (1.8 metres) above the ground
• The idea behind this ‘airburst’ mechanism is to spread its destructive range

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‘The Two Maidens" of Pompeii found wrapped in a poignant embrace after deadly volcano are both MEN

As the rock fusion and ash swept the hapless city of Pompeii there are almost two thousand years, two residents sentenced to clutch each other in their last moments.

Caught in the trap in an eternal embrace, they came to be called ‘Two Maidens’ since their discovery - but now a CT-scan and DNA tests on the body revealed that the two characters are actually men.

While the true nature of their relationship can never really be known, the analysis revealed for certain that they were not family members, and researchers say that the possibility that they were in love "can not be rejected."

Caught in the trap in an eternal embrace, they came to be called ‘Two Maidens’ since their discovery - but now a CT-scan and DNA tests on the body revealed that the two characters are actually men.

WHO WERE THE 'TWO MAIDENS'? 

Two figures were discovered in the volcanic wreckage of Pompeii, positioned such that one’s head rests on the other’s chest.

Thought to be women, they've come to be known as 'The Two Maidens.'

But recent archaeological efforts have revealed the two figures are actually men.

With a CAT scan and DNA tests, including analyses of their bones and teeth, researcher determined that the men were about 18 and 20 years of age, though the latter may have been older.

While the nature of their relationship can never truly be verified, the researchers said ‘the fact that they were lovers is a hypothesis that cannot be dismissed.’

But, one thing is known for certain – the two men were not related.

Archaeologist Vittorio Spinazzola creating casts of figures after their discovery at the House of the Cryptoportico in the early 20th century.

And since 2015, researchers have worked to learn more about them and other 86 victims of the eruption of Vesuvius who were cast in plaster for conservation.

The city has been removed during the devastating natural disaster in 79 a.d., and wethink that thousands of people have lost their lives.

In the effort more recent researchers conducted intensive tests on victims of the bones and teeth - and this has led to a discovery that overthrew their previous assumption on its head.

'The Two Maidens.'" were men.

"Pompeii never ceases to amaze," said Massimo Osanna, Supe rintendent of the archaeological site of Pompeii.

"We always imagined that it was an embrace between women.

"But a CT-scan and DNA revealed that they are men.

In the effort more recent researchers conducted intensive tests on victims of the bones and teeth - and this has led to a discovery that overthrew their previous assumption on its head.


Their bones and teeth showed the men were around 18 to 20 years, although the latter may have been older.

Their bodies are placed such that a human head rests on the chest of the other.

Although there is a lot of speculation about their relationship, which can never really be verified,

Osanna said "the fact that they were in love is a hypothesis that cannot be dismissed."

But one thing is known for certain - ‘Two Maidens’ revealed today to be men, were not related to each other.

"When the discovery was made, that they were not two young girls, some scholars suggest it could have been an emotional connection between the couple," said Professor Stefano Vanacore, who led the
research team of Pompeii, the Telegraph reports.

"But it is assumptions that can never be verified.

" What is certain, is that the two parties were not parents, or brothers, or a father and a son. "

THE DESTRUCTION OF POMPEII, AS SEEN FROM A DISTANCE

An administrator and a poet by the name of Pliny young saw the disaster unfold from a distance.
Letters describing what he saw found in the 16th century.

His writing suggests that the eruption took the inhabitants of Pompeii unawares.

He has said that a column of smoke "as an umbrella pine" went to volcano and the cities around him in black as night.

People ran for their lives with torches, shouting and some wept as rain of ash and pumice stones fell for several hours.

While the eruption lasted for about 24 hours, the tides of pyroclastic first started at midnight, causing the column of the volcano to collapse.

avalanche of hot ash, rock and gas rushed down on the side of the volcano at 124 mph (199kph), burying victims and the remains of daily life.

Hundreds of refugees sheltering under the arcades vaulted beachfront at Herculaneum, clutching their jewelry and money, was killed instantly.

As people fled from Pompeii or hid in their houses, their bodies were covered withblankets of expansion.

While Pliny does not estimate how many people died, the event was supposed to be 'outstanding' and the number of deaths is supposed to more than 10,000

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A mysterious half-naked 'tribesman' was seen running down a dirt track in Indonesia by a group of bikers

The little man was spotted near Banda Aceh, on the northern tip of the island of Sumatra.

Some audience members guessed that the man might be a member of the mythicaltribe of Mantis, which are supposed to be inhabitants of the forests.

A group of bikers were mystified when they came across a half-naked tribesman running down a dirt track in Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Bikers are made down the track when they saw the bald man jump on the trees.

The image shows one of the bikers fall to the ground as the mystery figure turns away from the group.

Among the bikers continues to the bottom of the track in pursuit of wayward man,which flows into the bushes at the edge of the road.

The Group stops at the place where the man has disappeared and look in the bushes.

A biker, who has a camera fitted to its helmet, chases the mystery figure down the path. The figure appears to be naked and is carrying a large stick

The grass is so high that they do not see figure he slipped into the trees behind.

A couple of the company of motorcyclists in the bushes to try to see where the 'tribe' go and find the big stick he was carrying.

Some viewers think that the mysterious man is a member of a tribe of Pygmy lost in Indonesia.

The mythical tribe of Mantis is supposed to be smaller than the average man and run away when they see people from the outside world.

The only mention of the supposed tribe was in the 17th century, when it was suggested to two members of a Mantis tribe were captured and presented to the Sultan.

But most of the people think that people of Mantis are just the legend.

In 2003, archaeologists have found evidence of an ancient race of small "hobbit-like" humans on Flores Island, across the archipelago.

Homo floresiensis are supposed to exist for 3-and-a-half feet tall and lived about 50,000 years ago.
Fossil of the hobbit "Flores" showed that people at first small brains and no Chin.




An ancient race of small 'hobbit-like' humans lived on the Indonesian island of Flores, on the other side of the archipelago, around 50,000 years ago. They stood at around 3-and-a-half feet tall and had smaller brains


If some scientists believe that species were completely separate from modern humans, others claim that Homo floresiensis has just had problems with growth.

Since being released on March 22, the video has been viewed more than two million times.

There are supposed to be seven tribes that still live in the northern province of Aceh.

The groups, who live in remote parts of Sumatra, are mainly farmers and gatherers who live off the land.

The tribe of Alas, work in the forest to cut down the Woods and collect the resin, Auroshikha and rubber in the southeast of the province.

The people cultivate rice and coffee and also to livestock such as horses and cows.

The group, who practice Islam, also use shamens to guarantee that they enjoy good harvests.

We think that there are only 150,000 of the tribe living in Aceh.

Aboriginal groups in the province are as high in the mountains and the sea.

The tribe of x, which have a population of more than 300,000, live in the mountains of the central part of the province.

They live 12,000 feet above sea level in the chain of the Bukit Barisan mountains of and earn money by coffee farming and fishing.

The Kluet Alas people are supposed to live about 12 miles from the nearest main road and cultivate rice and coffee, as well as vegetables.

The small tribe have also been recognized as hunters and warriors of the guerrillas when the Dutch who held Indonesia in the 19th century.

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Woman finds strange snake-like creature with 'TWO HEADS' in her garden

A woman in Santa Fe, Argentina, has stumbled across a strange two-headed creature, and the internet is to become crazy.

Luján D'eroles, 46, was walking in his backyard, when she met this scary-looking creature, before she cried out her friends in horror.

The rough bare creature resembled a snake with two heads, measured about four inches (10cm) and had skin like a snake.

I had never seen something like that, it was like a snake, and his eyes were so strange", said Ms. Eroles, adding that the creature seems to Flash with one eye.

"I looked down and I saw the animal strange, fear struck me, knowing that he could be toxic", she said.

"We all thought it was a mutant animal, this is why we filmed it and put it online for people to give us their opinion."

MS D'eroles posted the photo on his Facebook page to ask if anyone knew what it was.

"I think it's a deformed creature. This planet is so old that it gives everything including a chance to rebuild into something else ", wrote Robert Moore

The strange double-headed creature (pictured) seem to blink with one eye. Luján Eroles who found it in her courtyard in Argentina said she thought it was a 'mutant animal'

HAWK-MOTH CATERPILLARS

Many people thought this strange mutant was actually and Elephant Hawk-Moth Caterpillar.

It has two large 'eye-markings' behind the head which tricks predators into thinking it's bigger than it is.

These strange-looking creatures can be found in a range of habitats including open countryside, woodlands and city gardens.

They grow to more than three inches (8.5cm) long and gets its name because the caterpillars resemble elephant trunks.


"One thing for you is not a caterpillar because he has no legs, hes aid.

"This may be the head of a snake," commented another Facebook user, Fernando Garcia.

"A disabled person snake. It is better not to go into the Woods, saidCheryl Bagley, who was among the 3,000 people who commented ont he post of the Ms Eroles.

Many have suggested that the creature is a Sphinx Caterpillar elephant, known for their horn curved thorns.

Sphinx caterpillars can be found in a variety of habitats, including the country side, forests and gardens of the city.

There two large "eye-markings" behind the head which predatory tricks into thinking that it is bigger than he is.

We did a long Google search on the topic and also several people told us it was a caterpillar who will become a butterfly,"said Ms. Eroles.

"The reason why it was in my back yard was because it was nourishing of vineyards near my house, and it was camouflaged to look like a form of snake to scare predators."

Elephant sphinx caterpillars can reach more than three inches (8.5 cm) long and get their name because they look like elephant trunks.

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Is this proof of BEER on Mars? Nasa image seems a large green bottle on the surface of Mars

Forget whether or not there is water on Mars - if this picture is to be believed, there's a cold beer on the surface of the red planet.

One mud March 'anomaly Hunter' spotted a strange object that looks like a green bottle in the imagery of Nasa rover.

The shape of the odd bottle appears to have a red, green and white label and even a cork or stopper at the end.



A keen-eyed Mars 'anomaly hunter' has spotted a strange object that looks like a green bottle in Nasa imagery of Mars. The pictures were taken by Nasa's Spirit rover as it studied the surface of the red planet in November 2007

The photos were taken by Nasa's Spirit rover during a mission on thesurface of Mars in November 2007.

Vigilante March 'anomaly hunter' Thomas Miller, 64, spotted the strange shape while he was newer snapshots sifting through curiosity ofthe red planet.

The anomaly hunter found the bottle while browsing through panoramas of Nasa images stitched together by other Mars enthusiasts.

"We find trash, tools, machine parts, small pieces of paper, as well as sculpture and carved in tablets of stone. I tend to see artifacts on the Martian surface as part art gallery and part landfill.

But Nigel Watson, a foreign expert and author of the Handbook of UFO investigations, is skeptical about the discovery of the bottle.

"I think they're looking for something out of the ordinary, and our minds want to see patterns in things." Given the thousands of images of Mars, you're bound to find something that looks a little unusual.



The bottle appears to have a red and white label and even a cork or cap at the end

Usually more clear photos or those taken from a different angle shows that these anomalies are really rocks, or the whims of the light.

The strange shaped bottle isn't the first oddity to be spotted on Mars.

Last December, Nasa curiosity rover took pictures that appear to show a large spoon on the surface of the red planet.

It's the second "spoon" has been running for a few years, with foreign hunters claiming to provide proof of life on the planet.

Other objects such as rings and gloves were also found in recent years.

In December last year, Nasa's Curiosity rover took footage that appeared to show a large spoon (pictured) on the red planet's surface
a lost civilization. 


And some users have been surprised to discover - a said: "Wow, it could not be natural, could it?

However, others were more sceptical, suggesting that it might be a noptical illusion.

A user commented: "we see what we want to see. Some people see the face of Jesus in the tea leaves, others see the man in the moon.

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The 'warrior apes': Shocking footage reveals 200 strong gang of Ugandan chimpanzees hunting down and eating monkeys and even beating up their own members

• New documentary discovery reveals life of Ngogo chimpanzees more than 23 years
• They are the largest community of chimpanzees known and most brutal
• Clips show them violently hunting to feed and fight the enemies andtheir own
• But it also shows that they can be gentle with each other, showing their complexity

Little by little, the Ngogo chimpanzees shot their way upward.

With a community of more than 200 members in the Ugandan rain forest Ngogo chimpanzees are supposed to be the most brutal troupe in the world, often lead to violent attacks on the neighboring tribesto expand their territory.

A new documentary of Discovery provided a captivating glimpse of the lives of these "warrior monkeys", follows the band for 23 years toreveal their humanoid complexity as chimpanzees Hunt, fight and support.

In a shocking clip, several chimpanzees sees cooperating to bring down a monkey - and more by dividing kill her between them.

A new Discovery documentary has provided a glimpse into the lives of these ‘warrior apes,’ following the group for 23 years to reveal their human-like complexity as the chimps hunt, fight, and support each other. One of the chimps is pictured after killing a monkey

The researchers observed chimpanzees at Ngogo, Kibale, Uganda National Park for decades, watching as they are a population of 142 in 1996 to more than 200 today.

Even 20 years ago, their number was "much more than the larger community, already known anywhere" David Watts, Co-Director of thechimpanzee Ngogo project, explains in the video.

While it was once thought that chimpanzees can only resort to hunting when they are hungry - if there is not enough fruit autour - observations revealed that the truth is exactly "the opposite."

Disturbing footage shows several males hunting a monkey, cooperating to corner it up in a tree and grab it from behind. ‘Each took an arm or a leg, and they literally started drawing and quartering this monkey [as if to say] “Here’s a leg – it’s yours,”’ Watts says in the documentary.

Disturbing footage shows several males in hunting a monkey, cooperating for corner it upward in a tree and grab her by behind.

And, once they had captured and killed their prey, chimpanzees divvied up the meal.

"Everyone has had an arm or a leg, and they literally started drawingand this monkey cantonment [as if to say]"Here's a leg - it's yours,"'Watts says in the documentary."

Another clip shocking shows chimpanzees snood upward on a member of their own group, beating and him kick.

Despite their often brutal nature, found Ngogo chimpanzees also show many a softer side. Two in particular, named Hare and Ellington,were often seen spending time together

But the victim finally escapes the attack, withdrawing into a tree.

Despite their often brutal nature, found Ngogo chimpanzees also show many a softer side.

Two in particular, named Hare and Ellington, were often seen spending time together.

"The fact that these killers can also be very peaceful quiet cooperative, very - I just think it shows the complexity of these animals are, and they are really similar to humans ', one of the researchers noted in the documentary.

And when Ellington died, researchers observed changes in Hare, whosuggested that there was"depressed," as it has ceased to be one of the most social members of the Group and can often be seen "searching for his longtime friend.

THE NGOGO CHIMPS

Chimpanzees at Ngogo National Park of Kibale in Uganda are the largest community of chimpanzees known.

In 1996, researchers have estimated the population at about 142 members.

Now, the Group has grown to 204 and much increased their territory.

"In 10 years they had killed so many members of this community of neighbor that they had reduced strength coalitionary of this neighboring group to a point where our chimpanzees could simply move", oneof the researchers explained in the documentary.

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Are YOU addicted to porn? Porn addiction measured by new test from psychologists

More than 4.6 billion hours of online pornography was watched on Pornhub, only last year, representing 12.5 videos for every person on Earth.

But the researchers showed that four percent of users addicted to watching porn movies.

They have developed a five-minute test to help you find out if they have a "problematic" with pornography online relationship.

Researchers from Eötvös Loránd University in Hungary found that four percent of porn users have an unhealthy addiction (stock image)


The test asked participants to reflect on the importance of porn on their daily lives, and how they would feel if they were prevented from watching it.

"We have identified an optimal threshold to distinguish between users of pornography problematic and harmless," the psychologists of the University Eötvös Lorand of Hungary said in a research paper.

"The PPC is a multidimensional scale of problematic use of pornography with a theoretical base solid which also has strong psychometricproperties in terms of factorial structure and reliability."

ARE YOU ADDICTED TO PORN? TAKE THE TEST 

Answer the 17 questions below, rating them by how much you feel they apply to you from 1 to 7, where:1 = never, 2 = rarely, 3 = occasionally, 4 = sometimes, 5 = often, 6 = very often, 7 = all the time.

1. I felt that porn is an important part of my life.

2. I used porn to restore the tranquillity of my feelings.

3. I felt porn caused problems in my sexual life

4. I felt that I had to watch more and more porn for satisfaction.

5. I unsuccessfully tried to reduce the amount of porn I watch.

6. I became stressed when something prevented me from watching porn.

7. I thought about how good it would be to watch porn.

8. Watching porn got rid of my negative feelings.

9. Watching porn prevented me from bringing out the best in me.

10. I felt that I needed more and more porn in order to satisfy my needs.

11. When I vowed not to watch porn any more, I could only do it for a short period of time.

12. I became agitated when I was unable to watch porn.

13. I continually planned when to watch porn.

14. I released my tension by watching porn.

15. I gradually watched more ‘extreme’ porn, because the porn I watched before was less satisfying.

16. I resisted watching porn for only a little while before I relapsed.

17. I missed porn greatly when I didn't watch it for a while.

Add the scores for all the questions together. A score of 76 or higher suggests problematic levels of pornography use.

THE THREE TYPES OF PORN USER

Recreational: Watched an average of 24 minutes a week.

This group scored low with compulsivity, intensity of efforts to access pornography.

And it was mostly women and people in relationships.

Distressed: Watched an average of 17 minutes a week.

However, watching pornographic content was found to cause these individuals emotional stress.

Compulsive: Watched an average of 110 minutes a week and was mostly men.

This groups' behavior may be a result of compulsive sexuality that includes avoidance of sexual interactions with a partner.

A similar study by researchers at Laval University in Quebec found that porn users fall into three categories, which includes recreational, depressed or compulsive.

They found that about 12 percent of porn users could be considered"compulsive".

This group "was characterized by high scores on the compulsivity topornography and the intensity of efforts to access pornography andmoderate scores on emotional shocks associated with the use of
child pornography".

"The compulsive profile consisted of a greater proportion of men who have spent the most time with child pornography (that is to say, average ¼ of 110 minutes per week),"shared in the study searches. "

"They reported the highest level of compulsivity pornography, the intensity of physical access sex and more emotional efforts related to the use of child pornography."

Lit-up: The brain scans of compulsive porn users (pictured bottom), show more pronounced stimulation when watching x-rated material when compared to those not addicted (pictured top)

An earlier study found compulsive porn users show the same signs of addiction in their brain that those hooked on alcohol or drugs.

Dr. Valerie Voon, a neuroscientist at the University of Cambridge, specializing in addiction, studied 19 self-confessed compulsive users of child pornography.

The men, aged 19 to 34, had tried and failed to break their habit andhad thus lost relationships and employment.

All feed their habit using pornography online. When they were shown erotic video clips, a part of their brains lit up called the ventral striatum.

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'3,000-year-old' statue discovered in Cairo is NOT of famous pharoah Ramses II

A statue of massive, discovered in Cairo, which was supposed to be of Ramases II, is a representation of another former leading Egyptian.

We think that the statue is of Pharaoh Psamtek I, who ruled Egypt between 664 and 610 BC, according to Antiquities Minister Khaled el-Anani.

The artifact was found in a Cairo suburb last week.

A statue that was found in Cairo, which was thought to be of pharaoh Ramases II, is a depiction of another pharaoh, Psamtek I



Psamtek I ruled Egypt between 664 and 610 BC, during the Empire's late period. Pictured centre, Professor Dietrich Raue, of the Egyptian Museum poses beside the pieces of the statue

Mr. El-Anani spoke in front of the famous Egyptian Museum in the heart of Cairo, a few meters away from the statue, including the torso and a partial head of parts.

They were transported from the site of the Museum early Thursday.
The statue was supposed to be of Ramses II, who ruled Egypt more than 3,000 years ago.

Antiquities Minister Khaled el-Anani says he's almost certainly a statue of Psamtek I. The pieces of the statue were taken from the site in the East of Cairo to the Egyptian Museum today

Monday, the statue was photographed moved to the top of a muddyditch.

When they thought it was Ramses II, experts said that it is "one of the most important discoveries ever" a muddy ditch.

Experts took to the Souk al-Khamis district of the capital Cairo and used a crane to lift the chest of three tons of the statue.



Pictured, a cat stretches out in the sun beside the artefacts before they were unveiled this evening at the Egyptian museum, Cairo

Who is Psamtek I?

Psamtek I ruled Egypt during the late period, between 664 and 332 BC.

He beat out 11 other corulers in order to become the leader of Egypt in 663.

When he became pharaoh, Egypt was still in the control of the Assyrian empire, but he managed to free the country within a decade of ruling.

His throne name was Wah-ib-re, which means 'Constant is the heart of Re'.

Psamtek spent the last four decades of his reign consolidating Egypt's power and encouraged Greeks to settle in the country.

Even though he hated the Assyrian Empire, he joined forces with them when the Babylonian Empire became an established power.

Pharaoh Psamtek I ruled Egypt during the late period, beating 11 rivals to become leader. Pictured, a bust of the pharaoh

The Department of Antiquities explained the elements of the statue would be assembled in the Egyptian Museum in downtown Cairo, where they would be assembled and restored before being transferred to the Egyptian Museum yet to open near the pyramids of Giza.

"Last Tuesday they called me to announce the great discovery of a colossus of a King, probably Ramesses II, made from quartzite," Antiquities Minister Khaled al-Anani told Reuters on Thursday on the site ofthe statue unveiling.

"We found the bust of the statue and the lower part of the head andnow we have removed the head and we found the Crown and right ear, and a fragment of the right eye," Anani said.

A few days earlier, archaeologists, officials, local residents and members of the news media watched as a massive forklift fired the head ofthe statue out of the water

The joint Egyptian-German expedition, which includes the Universityof Leipzig, also found the top of a life-size statue limestone of the Pharaoh Seti II, grandson of Rameses II, which is 80 centimeters long.

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Algae turns Australian beaches bright neon blue

A bloom of bright blue bioluminescent algae blistered beaches on the northwest coast of Tasmania.

Bioluminescent phytoplankton or "sea sparkle" develops in conditions of calm and warm sea, and a brilliant flowering of it has been spotted in preservation Bay on Saturday night.

Photographer Brett Chatwin said he took photographs of nature on the coast for 10 years and had never seen the phenomenon.



Beachgoer captures neon blue algae illuminating Aussie beach.


"It was very interesting to watch this iridescent blue-green color lightwaves as they crashed", said Chatwin.

"He was as good as the Aurora Australis, but a little easier."

Chatwin said he used a DSLR to capture glowing waves in the Bay ofpreservation.

He said it was difficult, but possible, to take a shot using smartphone technology.

Preserved on film: Bioluminescence is caused by distressed phytoplankton.
(Sarah Kubank)

Bioluminescent phytoplankton turns bright blue when it is threatened.

It is difficult to determine how long he will remain in a single space.

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How humans created the Sahara desert 8,000 years ago

• The Sahara was a lush meadow dotted with Lakes 6 000-16 000 yearsago
• An archaeologist claims that human colonization caused the Saharadry up
• He said that the producers changed the flora of the desert and its exposed soil cultures
• The sunlight bouncing off the ground warmed up the atmosphere and dry the rain

The Sahara desert is known today as a vast arid plain exposed to punish the temperatures and precipitation bit.

But there are a few thousand years, it was grass and dotted with Lakes.

An archaeologist is now suggesting that humans triggered radical transformation of the desert, claiming that farmers set off a chain of events that pushed the region to the dry and arid State.

The Sahara desert is known today as a vast arid plain exposed to punish the temperatures and precipitation bit.

But there are a few thousand years, it was grass and dotted with Lakes.
An archaeologist is now suggesting that humans triggered radical transformation of the desert, claiming that farmers set off a chain of events that pushed the region to the dry and arid State.

A GREEN SAHARA?

The Sahara desert is showing signs of ancient rivers and traces of plants and animals deeply under its sands - the plain evidence more green past.

The desert was green during the "African humid period", in which West Africa became much wetter than it is today through a series of monsoons.

Africa has gone through several of these periods of 'big wet' 9 million years.

African - about 16 000 to 6 000 years - wet period was the most recent of the continent.

Current theories suggest that an orbital axis 'wobble' in land 20,000 years the African humid period ended, but expert Dr. Wright is not convinced.

He thinks that the producers of human cultures has changed the landscape and this caused the desert to dry up.

Luscious green pastures of the Sahara began to dry up at the time that displaced people in the area 8,000 years ago, bringing with them agriculture.

In 1,000 years, it was transformed into the arid desert seen today.
Dr. David Wright of Seoul National University said that the producersof crops has caused this change.

His research shows that, as human communities spread throughout the region they veiled landscape to take account of crops and livestock.

Farmers have increased plant species that left the Saharan soil exposed.

They also brought animals who ate vegetation, discovering more ground.

As the light of the Sun reflected from the bare ground he heats the Saharan air.

In addition to farmers moving into the area, the ground was discovered, leading to additional warming of the air.

This reduced rainfall and created ideal weather conditions for the maquis vegetation.

Finally precipitation disappeared, killed a large part of the flora of the Sahara and leaving behind only a few hardy desert plants, says Dr. Wright.

The Sahara's luscious green pastures began to dry up around the time that humans moved into the area 8,000 years ago, bringing agriculture with them. Within 1,000 years it had transformed into the arid desert seen today (stock image)

The Sahara desert is showing signs of ancient rivers and traces of plants and animals deeply under its sands - the plain evidence more green past.

The desert was green during the "African humid period", in which West Africa became much wetter than it is today through a series of monsoons.

Africa has gone through several of these periods of 'big wet' 9 million years.

The Sahara is the world's largest desert, stretching across 10 different African countries - an area over 3.5 million square miles (nine million square km)


African - about 16 000 to 6 000 years - wet period was the most recent of the continent.

Current theories suggest that an orbital axis 'wobble' in land 20,000 years the African humid period ended, but Dr. Wright is not convinced.

He thinks that the producers of human cultures has changed the landscape and this caused the desert to dry up.

"In East Asia there are theories of Neolithic populations long-established how changed the landscape so profoundly the monsoon stopped penetrate to the Interior," he said.

Sahara is the biggest desert of the world, which extends over 10 African countries - an area of more than 3.5 million miles square (9 million km²).

The average rainfall varies with the largest part of the desert see less 0.79 inches (20mm) annually.

In the United Kingdom, the average annual rainfall is more than 44 times that 33.7 inches (85cm), with U.S. average annual rainfall up to 30 inches (76 cm).

But there are a few thousands of years weather of the desert have been very different.

"It was 10 times as wet as it is today," said Dr. Jessica Tierney of the University of Arizona, a paleoclimatologist and a Sahara expert not involved in the research of Dr. Wright.

But human colonization of space time-luscious finally forced the man to leave.
"It seems that this 1000 years dry period caused people to leave," said Dr. Tierney.

"What's interesting is people who came after the drought period were different - most were the cattle."

"This dry period between two different cultures.

"There is a context of climate for this change of occupation and lifestyle in Western Sahara".

Dr. Wright now plans to gather evidence in support of his theory.

"There are Lakes everywhere in the Sahara at this time, and they will have the records of the changing vegetation," said.

"We must dig in these ancient lake beds to get the records of vegetation, look at archaeology and see what people were doing there."

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Mystery of the 'pyramid of China': Archaeologists discover strange tomb under a construction site

Archaeologists have updated the a pyramid-shaped Tomb in a construction site in central China.

Residents are surprised, after the discovery of the burial place of ancient unusual in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, with one calling it "magic".

Further analysis still needs to be done to identify what age the tombis, who the owner was and why it was built in this particular form.

The pyramid-shaped tomb has been found under a construction site in Zhengzhou, central China's Henan Province

It's one of the two tombs found inside a coffin chamber near a grove. The other tomb is shaped like a half cylinder

Chinese media have dubbed the grave "Zhengzhou pyramid", although the structure is much smaller in size compared to the real pyramids in Egypt.

According to Huanqiu.com, a popular Daily Online membership, the tomb was found close to a highway, located about 3 300 feet (1000 meters) to the West of the forest of siniennes by the Yellow River.

The area was a village, but the he apparently proposed away to makeroom for a new residential complex.

The pyramid-shaped tomb is one of the two tombs found in a coffinroom by staff of the Directorate-General of the Zhengzhou cultural relics. The other grave has the shape of a half-cylinder.

The tomb was found near a motorway situated about 3,300 feet (1,000 metres) west of the Sinian Grove in Zhengzhou

The room, which is 98 feet (30 meters) long and 26 feet (8 meters) wide, was built in a position from West to East with the entrance facing East. It has a narrow corridor leading to a main dome beside the grave in the shape of pyramid.

A resident was apparently impressed by the results.

He told a local reporter: "it's really magical. I've never seen anything like this. It looks like an Egyptian pyramid.

A worker who protects the excavation site said the same journalist that the Tomb could be more than 2,000 years old and that the search had been going on for more than a month.

While the public is stunned by the own "mini pyramid" of China, experts said that it is not uncommon to see tombs of circular shape witha pointed roof in the region.

According to the Henan cultural relic Bureau, these graves have emerged after the dynasty of Han (206 B.C.-220 a.d.) and were often builtwith bricks.

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UK Cruise Ship Crashes Into Coral Reefs Off Raja Ampat Indonesia

The British cruise ship grounded in shallow waters off the coast of Indonesian

and crushed ribs in coral reefs protected the local station of the island.

MS Caledonian Sky is grounded in shallow waters off the Indonesiancoast and broken in coral reefs protected at the Rajah Ampat in thewestern province of Papua. The ship got caught in the tide despite itsGPS and radar instruments. (Stay Raja Ampat |) Facebook)

Fragmented to 295 feet ceiling Caledonian MS estimated withdrawal is the reef 17,222 sq ft to Raja Ampat of West Papua Province 4 last March, when he ran in the region, according to the evaluation team.

Smashing Into Precious Reefs

The ship, caught in a well back of GPS and radar instruments aboard,towed with the tug still in such a low tide, which is supposed to have caused more damage.

"A ship of the city of Sorong has been deployed to help bail out the boat, which is something that should not happen because it damaged worse corals," said Ricardo Tapilatu, head of the research center oft he University of Papua and the members of the team resource of the Pacific ocean.

The team said that shipowners are noble Caledonia must pay an indemnity of $ 1.92 million to $ 1.28 million after the marine ecosystem of the Sanctuary has been affected.

"If the company does not want to compensate, the local Governmentwill bring the case before the Court," Tapilatu said in a report in the Jakarta Post.

Caledonian sky, weighs 4,290 tonnes, carrying 102 passengers and crew 79 16 - night journey from Papua New Guinea to the Philippines. He just finished a birding trip in the Raja Ampat of Waigeo, a populardive site Islands and one of the richest biodiversity in the world - when the incident happened.

In a statement, based in London small businesses-cruise nicknamed the "unfortunate" incident and expressed with full cooperation with the authorities.

"Noble Caledonia is firmly committed to the protection of the environment, that is why it is very important that the reason for this is entirely studied and understand each lesson built into operating
procedures," part of the read statement.

Prospects for damaged ecosystems

The Indonesia residents who rely on tourism of diving is considered to be sad and all time.

"Great damage and acute." It could take 10 to 100 years to solve this problem "diving instructor Ruben Sauyai stated to the BBC, adding that most of the inhabitants work in the tourism industry, while the rest are fishermen or farmers.

Laura Resti Raja Ampat homestay Association says what happened to be "counterproductive" to their aspirations of local tourism, as the reefs are especially interesting crowds visiting the National Park.

Tapilatu said in a separate report of the Jakarta Post that the kinds ofcoral has been destroyed by ships, including the genera Porites, Acropora, Poicilopora and Tubastrea, all took decades to recover. 

Conservation International Indonesia (CII) spokesman Albert Nebore said that the ship may have entered the region without consulting local guides.

"The captain of the ship forced the ship to enter the area, which is not open to cruise ships," he said.

Coral Reef in the world have hunted by a severe bleaching of the days of the event, including one that destroyed the 400 miles of the Northern Great Barrier Reef in 2016. 

Coral famous shows the accumulation of heat stress compared to the same period last year, before th worst event whitening that destroyed 25 percent of all corals and threatening the status of world heritage, which has seen.

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UFO hunter who earns £600 a day on YouTube comes under fire

• SecureTeam10's videos include claims of UFOs in the Antarctica and on Mars
• But Lions Ground, a rival channel, claims it has been fooling viewers for money 
• Rival channel says that posting 'fake' videos is damaging to 'real UFO research'

SecureTeam10 is one of the channels most viewed YouTube, with people more 785 000 subscribers to his videos of conspiracy.

But the channel has come under fire, as Lions on the ground, a rival chain, claims he was intentionally mislead its viewers.

Lions Ground, SecureTeam10 has been raking in one about £600 ($745) a day by posting videos false that 'outsmart UFO believers.'

SecureTeam10 has come under fire, as Lions Ground, a rival channel, claims that it has been intentionally fooling its viewers. Talking about one of SecureTeam10's videos which claims to show a 'flying saucer' in Antarctica, Lions Ground said it was really just a pond


Among the most viewed videos of SecureTeam10 are the claims of an "alien ship" hidden in the Antarctic, a UFO in the sky above the Algeria and a Japanese Tomb on Mars.

And in December, one of the videos on the channel said that there is a Nazi UFO site buried in Antarctica.

SecureTeam10 claimed in his video: "there is evidence of this came to light in recent years, with images said to show different entries in the part of the mountains, at high altitude and saucer shaped.

" This raises the question: How do you enter these entries without something that could fly and has the same shape as the hole itself?  "

Other examples include applications of a UFO hovering over the Moon and a "ball of fire UFO" streaks beyond the International Space Station.

But Lions Ground is not happy about this, and has told The Sun Online that many of SecureTeam10's videos are damaging to 'real' UFO research.

The Marbella-based channel has produced a series of videos called 'SecureTeam10 debunked' calling SecureTeam10's claims into question.

Heathcliff, the owner of Lions Ground, told The Sun Online: 'He outsmarted the UFO believers and today he drives a fancy car thinking: thank you donkeys.'

Other examples of videos include claims of a UFO hovering over the moon, and a 'fireball UFO' streaking past the International Space Station (pictured)



Amongst SecureTeam10's most viewed videos are claims of an 'alien ship' hidden in the Antarctic, a UFO in the sky over Algeria (pictured), and a Japanese tomb on Mars


Talk about one of the videos of SecureTeam10 which claims to showa "flying saucer" in Antarctica, that Heathcliff has said that if was really just a pond.

He said: "this is nothing more than a collection of frozen water.

"The only thing that happened is a lack of research."

UFO enthusiasts also said that fake videos undermine "real" UFO research.

Heathcliff added: 'He insulted years of study into secret societies and spirituality in ten minutes.'

It is unclear how Lions Ground plans to progress its strategies to debunk SecureTeam10's videos.

But SecureTeam10 has dismissed Lions Ground's comments.

In December, one of SecureTeam10's videos claimed that there is a Nazi UFO site buried in the Antarctic

Tyler from SecureTeam10 told MailOnline: 'Of course I don't post fake videos.

'Anyone who subscribes to me and watches my channel on a regular bases know that I'm very passionate about this research, and have grown in popularity precisely because of this.

'From what I can gather, this guy from 'Lions Ground' is an internet troll, plain and simple.

"As far as I know, Heathcliff has basically got a YouTube channel failed, called 'Lions Ground' on his hands, who, despite having about 40,000 subscribers, has barely been broken 500 views per video until recently."

"And if skillfully, it is that by attacking the other popular YouTubers with these baseless accusations, his views have regularly acquired.".

"My content and the passion that I see for this book speaks for itself,and I stand firmly by it, like my fans."

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UFOlogist Claim ALIEN Spaceships Flew Past The ISS

• Sequences of flow ISS uploaded on YouTube shows the mysterious objects
• Six bright orbs emerge from obscurity and travel alongside the ISS
• UFO Hunters claim that NASA cut the power as a mysterious machine appeared

NASA has been accused of cover upward an alien observation after a video surfaced showing six UFOS to the International Space Station in live-stream seconds before that the power is off and replaced by images of a camera, showing the Interior of a briefing room.

Conspiracy theorists claim that the video shows a fleet of unidentified ISS flight objects a few moments before live-stream the Office goes dead.

The 31-second video seems to focus on outside the U.S. station andwithin seconds, "big six" bright orbs crept in front of the camera.

The 31 second video shows the outside of the lit up International Station (ISS) floating in the dark abyss of space


And at the six second mark, the first 'floating orb' appears in the frame - with the rest of the fleet following shortly after. Although alien hunters are sure these balls of light are UFOs, a former NASA employee has a more scientific explanation - 'space dandruff' or ice


Conspiracy theorists claim to have spotted a fleet of unidentified objects flying by the International Space Station moments before the agency's livestream went dead

The observation was initially spotted by YouTuber Streetcap1, who then shared the video with 10 SecureTeam.

"He has discovered what some call a fleet of flying objects unidentified moving in the distance behind the International Space Station,"Tyler of SecureTeam said".

We have about six UFOS from behind, and judging by the distance,I guess the size of these objects, whatever they are, would be big enough."

"Much larger than the typical excuse of NASA of ice particles, we must look at icebergs."

Tyler explained that strangely cut NASA live feed and has replaced with power supply of the camera showing the Interior of a briefing room.

The video shows outside of the lit up to the International Station (ISS) floating in the dark abyss of space.

And to the six second mark, the first "floating orb" appears in the frame - with the rest of the fleet after shortly after.

Although foreign hunters are these balls of light are UFOS, a formeremployee of NASA has a more scientific explanation.

An article published on Atlas Obscura, explains some of the reasons for James Oberg behind comments like this.

Oberg, who worked at NASA in the 1990s, called this kind of accident, a result of "space dandruff."

In 1996, the NASA STS-75 shuttle took off for a 15-day mission, with mission to carry a strap with a satellite at the end that could conduct electricity.

Unfortunately, the tie strap broke, leading to the loss of the satellite.

However, the strangest sequence was a cloud of crystals of ice floes before and around the attachment strap, almost like dandruff, that many believed were UFOS.

While there, the experts have explanations of what those objects might be, there still many foreign hunters who beg to differ.

Another observation near the ISS took place in January, when the Sun says to John Craddick, of Wolverhampton, he teacher friend how use NASA live feed when he noticed a float of object by the station.

"I watched it years but never seen UFOS on it before," he said.

"At the beginning it was really small, and then it grew bigger, lasting about 25 seconds."

Mr. Craddick said "there is nothing human can fly this high", which he sees as evidence was a UFO.

While it is not always possible to determine exactly what are these objects during the short period they appear in the flow, there are a number of possible explanations for these types of observations.

"It is surprising to see how many UFOS are seen buzzing around the ISS, but as this video it is usually a simple explanation for them," Nigel Watson, UFO expert and author of the Handbook of UFO investigations.

"This could well be a reflection of the lens that appears and then as the light changes, giving the impression of a space alien coming in the display and then cruise out of sight.

"Many UFOS taken by the cameras of the ISS can be also be explained as images of space debris or satellites in the distance, and even very small spots of paint or particles may appear as UFOS when caught by the bright light of the Sun."

A POSSIBLE EXPLANATION

 In 1996, the NASA STS-75 shuttle blasted off on a 15 day mission, with a mission to transport a tether with a satellite at the end that could conduct electricity.

Unfortunately, the tether broke, leading to the loss of the satellite.

However, the strangest sequence was a cloud of ice crystals floating ahead of and around the tether, almost like dandruff, that many believed were UFOs - which could be what was seen in the latest sighting by the International Space Station.

BELIEVE IN CONSPIRACY THEORIES? YOU'RE PROBABLY A NARCISSIST 

People who doubt the landings are more likely to be selfish and attention-seeking, according to a study conducted earlier this year.

In three studies online, researchers at the University of Kent showed strong links between belief in theories of the conspiracy and the negative traits.

Writing in the journal Social psychological and personality Science, the team explained: "previous research linked endorsement of the theories of the conspiracy to low self-esteem."

In the first study, a total of 202 participants completed a questionnaire on conspiracy beliefs, asking how much they agreed with specific instructions, such as whether Governments carried out acts of terrorism on their own soil.

At the same time, they were invited to fill a narcissistic scale and an assessment of self-esteem.

The results showed that these people who rave on the scale of narcissism and who had low self-esteem were more likely to be believers in conspiracy.

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Woolly mammoths could be brought back from the dead in TWO YEARS using DNA from frozen carcasses

• Researchers plan to create a mammoth-elephant hybrid in an artificial uterus
• Frozen mammoth genes will be spliced with those of an Asian elephant
• Scientists will use the controversial CRISPR technology to make the hybrid
• Its cells have genes for mammoths features as shaggy long hair and thick layers of fat

They became extinct thousands of years, but now scientists claim that they are just two years away from bringing the woolly mammoths from the dead.

The shaggy beasts roamed last the tundra of Siberia before our human ancestors probably hunted them to extinction.

Now a project to bring back the mammoth said, within two years, the closest thing possible to a mammoth could be created.

It would be a hybrid between an Asian elephant and a mammoth-maybe you could call it a "mamephant."

They became extinct thousands of years, but now scientists claim that they are just two years away from bringing the woolly mammoths from the dead. Pictured is a 39 000 year old female woolly mammoth found frozen in the ice of Siberia in 2013.


It would be created from DNA extracted from carcasses of frozen mammoth comes from permafrost.
If Harvard University scientists are successful it marked a turning point in plans to revive mammoths - by programming their genes in an Asian elephant.

The bundle of cells have genes for characteristics mammoths such asshaggy long hair, thick layers of fat and blood that is perfectly adapted to the flowing in sub zero conditions.

But years of work ahead before making any serious attempt to produce a living creature.

Scientists have ambitious plans to grow in an artificial uterus rather than recruit an elephant as a surrogate mother.

Since the beginning of the project in 2015, the researchers increased the number of 'changes' where the mammoth DNA was spliced into the genome of the elephant from 15 to 45.

Professor George Church, who directs the Harvard team, said: "we are working on ways to assess the impact of these changes and essentially provide the embryogenesis in laboratory.

"The list of the changes affect the things that contribute to the success of the elephants in cold environments.

We already know about those to do with small ears, of subcutaneous fat, hair and blood, but there are others who seem to be positively selected.

The Harvard University scientists plan to use CRISPR gene technology to splice the preserved DNA of a frozen mammoth carcass with the DNA of an Asian elephant

Lyuba, the world's most well-preserved mammoth, went on display at the Natural History museum in 2014

He added: "our goal is to produce a hybrid embryo of elephant/mammoth. In fact, it would be more like an elephant with a number of features of mammoth.

"We are not at that stage yet, but it can happen in a few years."

The woolly mammoth travelled across Europe, Asia, Africa and NorthAmerica during the last glacial and missing some 4,500 years, probably due to a combination of climate change and hunting by humans.

Their closest living relative is Asia, rather than Africa, elephant.

"In-out" the mammoth has become a realistic prospect because of editing techniques revolutionary of genes which allow the precise selection and insertion of DNA from specimens frozen for thousands of years in the ice of Siberia.

Professor Church has contributed to the development of the technique more widely used, known CRISPR/Cas9, genetic engineering has transformed since it has been demonstrated in 2012.

The woolly mammoth roamed across Europe, Asia, Africa and North America during the last Ice Age and vanished some 4,500 years ago, probably due to a combination of climate change and hunting by humans (stock image)

The system allows the handling of "copy / paste" of DNA strands with a precision not seen before.

Edition gene and its ethical implications is one of the main topics under discussion in the American

Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) annual meeting, being held in Boston, Massachusetts.

Professor Church, guest speaker at the meeting, said that the mammoth project had two objectives - an alternative future for endangered Asian elephant and help combat global warming.

Woolly mammoths could help prevent the tundra of melting permafrost and releasing huge amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

"They keep the tundra of the cast by punching in the snow and allowing cold air to come," said Professor Church.

Snow and ice act as insulation, thus, drill holes in it helps to cool the Earth below.
He added: "in the summer they cut down trees and help grass grow." The effect of the mammoths might have a significant effect on temperatures in Siberia, some research has shown.

Scientists intend to elephant skin cells to produce the embryo or several embryos, the engineer using cloning techniques.

The reprogrammed cells nuclei would be placed in elephant own egg whose genetic material has been removed.

The eggs are then artificially stimulated to develop into embryos.

Referring to the artificial uterus, Professor Church said: "We hope to make the entire procedure ex vivo (outside of a living body).

"It would be unreasonable to put female breeding endangered species endangered.

"We test the growth of mice ex vivo. There are experiments in the literature since the 1980s, but he was no great interest for awhile.

"Today, we have a new set of technology and we are taking a new look at it."

Professor Church also provides this age reversal will become a reality in 10 years as a result of new developments in genetic engineering.

Yet, he believes CRISPR gene edition has been exaggerated.

"I don't think it's the cat's Meow," he said.

"It's just another technology. "To say that he changed everything it islike saying that the Beatles invented the ' 60s.

MAMMOTH FACT FILE

The woolly mammoth walked through the frozen tundra of Europe and North America for 140 000 years, disappears at the end of the Pleistocene, 10,000 years ago.

They are one of the better understood prehistoric animals known toscience, because their bodies are often not fossilized but frozen andstored.

Males are about 12 feet (3.5 m), while the females are slightlysmaller.

Were curved tusks up to 16 feet (5 m) long and their tactics boastedwith a layer of shaggy hair up to 3 feet (1 m) long.

Small ears and a short tail prevented vital lost body heat.

Their trunks had 'two fingers' at the end to help collect herbs, twigs and other plant.

They take their name from the Russian, "mammut", or mole of Earthas it was believed the animals lived underground and die on contactwith light - explaining why they have always found dead and half-buried.

Their bones were already believed to have belonged to the races missing from the Giants.

The woolly mammoths and modern elephants are closely related, share 99.4 percent of their genes.

Both species have taken their separate evolutionary ways there are 6million years, to at about the same time humans and chimps went their own way.

Woolly mammoths co-existed with early humans, who hunted them for food and used their os and defenses for the manufacture of weapons and art.

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